Effect of Environmental Regulation on High-quality Economic Development in China—An Empirical Analysis Based on Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In 2017, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the concept of high-quality economic development, indicating that the...     

The interaction effects of FEN1 rs174538 polymorphism and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on damage in exon 19 and 21 of EGFR gene in coke oven workers

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and genetic susceptibility were conductive to genotoxic effects including gene damage, which can increase mutational probability. We aimed to explore the dose-effect associations of PAH exposure with damage of exons of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1), as well as their associations whether modified by Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) genotype. Two hundred eighty-eight coke oven male workers were recruited, and we detected the concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-pyr) as PAH exposure biomarker in urine and examined base modification in exons of EGFR and BRCA1 respectively, and genotyped FEN1 rs174538 polymorphism in plasma. We found that the damage indexes of exon 19 and 21 of EGFR (EGFR-19 and EGFR-21) were both significantly associated with increased urinary 1-OH-pyr (both P_trend < 0.001). The levels of urinary 1-OH-pyr were both significantly associated with increased EGFR-19 and EGFR-21 in both smokers and nonsmokers (both P < 0.001). Additionally, we observed that the urinary 1-OH-pyr concentrations were linearly associated with both EGFR-19 and EGFR-21 only in rs174538 GA+AA genotype carriers (both P < 0.001). Moreover, FEN1rs rs174538 showed modifying effects on the associations of urinary 1-OH-pyr with EGFR-19 and EGFR-21 (both P_interaction < 0.05). Our findings revealed the linear dose-effect association between exon damage of EGFR and PAH exposure and highlight differences in genetic contributions to exon damage and have the potential to identify at-risk subpopulations who are susceptible to adverse health effects induced by PAH exposure.

     

NO2 catalytic formation,consumption, and efflux in various types of diesel particulate filter

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The high NO2/NOX ratio in the after-treatment system is beneficial to its performance and achieved by NO catalytic conversion in diesel oxidation...     

高含固污泥厌氧消化中Fe/S及pH对原位抑硫效率影响及其交互作用

以城市污水处理厂高含固污泥为对象,分别进行了连续厌氧消化抑硫试验和消化污泥Fe(Ⅲ)投加抑硫试验,探讨不同Fe/S(摩尔比)对污泥厌氧消化中溶解态硫化物去除效率的影响以及Fe(Ⅲ)与pH的交互作用.结果表明,热水解污泥厌氧消化采用原位抑硫技术,在Fe/S(摩尔比)为7.75时沼气中H_2S含量可由170.4×10~(-6)降至14.09×10~(-6),无需进行后续处理;当pH为7.00~7.50、Fe/S为1~11时,pH为原位抑硫主要显著影响因子,提高消化池pH有利于降低Fe(Ⅲ)投加量;高含固污泥厌氧消化沼气满足H_2S利用标准时,所需最低Fe/S为7.0;当消化池pH低于7.30时,将无法通过调节Fe/S实现H_2S浓度达标排放.     

硅藻土负载型非均相芬顿催化剂制备及其降解苯酚的实验研究

以硅藻土为载体,采用直接蒸发法负载铁的氧化物,制备了一种新型负载型非均相芬顿催化剂,通过SEM、EDS和XRD等对催化剂进行了表征,并以苯酚去除率考察了催化剂性能。结果表明:铁氧化物可成功负载于硅藻土上;催化剂制备时最优铁离子浓度和固液质量比分别为0.5 mol/L和1∶10;催化剂重复使用性高,耐酸碱性良好,对苯酚的去除率可达99%以上。催化剂利用了硅藻土优异的物化性质,对难降解有机废水具有良好的应用前景。     

流体剪切与超声空化破解剩余污泥的参数优化

为提高剩余污泥的破解效果并降低能耗,采用FS（fluid shear,流体剪切）、UC（ultrasonic cavitation,超声空化）、FS和UC联合工艺（FS-UC,UC-FS）破解剩余污泥,并应用单因素试验结合响应面法对联合工艺进行优化.结果表明:FS对剩余污泥破解效果一般,只在开始阶段具有较好效果,随作用时间延长,破解效果未有显著提高甚至下降.UC对剩余污泥破解效果明显,随作用时间延长,破解效果显著提升,但能耗也随之增大,EDR（energy disintegration ratio,效能比）明显下降.相同作用时间下,UC破解效果优于FS破解效果,UC破解剩余污泥的DD_COD（degree of disintegration,破解率）与EDR均明显高于FS方法.单因素试验得出的较优FS作用时间范围为2~8 min,较优UC作用时间范围为5~15 min.响应面法试验结果显示,联合工艺的剩余污泥破解效果和能量利用率均优于单一方法,联合工艺中FS-UC工艺的破解效果优于UC-FS工艺.FS-UC工艺的最佳参数:FS处理5.6 min再UC处理15.0 min,该条件下剩余污泥实际DD_COD为50.8%,EDR为26.8%.UC-FS工艺的最佳参数:先UC作用15.0 min再FS作用7.8 min,该条件下剩余污泥实际DD_COD为36.5%,EDR为17.1%.研究显示,以DD_COD和EDR为指标,4种工艺的高效性顺序为FS-UC > UC-FS > UC > FS,其中FS-UC工艺具有能耗低、破解效率高的特点,是4种工艺中剩余污泥破解效果最好的一种工艺.      

一种可商业化生产的胶体金快速免疫层析卡:检测大田软海绵酸及其衍生物(DTX1, DTX2)

建立一种胶体金快速免疫层析检测贝类体内腹泻性贝毒主要成分软海绵酸及其衍生物鳍藻毒素的方法。合成偶联抗原OA-OVA,将适当浓度的偶联抗原和HRP标记的羊抗鼠IgG分别包被在试纸条的检测线和控制线上,胶体金标记的抗OA单克隆抗体包被金标垫,优化检测线的最佳包被浓度等条件以得到最低检出限。结果表明:该试纸条的检出限为16 ng/mL（OA,DTX1 & DTX2）,检测时间为10 min。本研究所建立的胶体金免疫层析检测贝类中大田软海绵酸及其衍生物鳍藻毒素的方法可以满足规定的160 μg/kg贝肉的安全阈值,可以应用于实际贝类样品的腹泻性贝毒的半定量检测。     

自适应智能电磁防护材料测试方法研究

目的在强电磁场环境下研究自适应智能电磁防护材料的相变特性。方法针对自适应智能电磁防护材料相变前后电导率的变化范围大、需要强场激励状况,考虑测试系统强场生成、大动态范围、测试精度以及相应的绝缘性和较高的安全性要求,采用电容充放电原理设计强场激励测试电路,搭建绝缘环境,确保操作的安全性和测试数据的可靠性。结果利用测试系统对现有商业化电阻器进行验证试验,得到的特性曲线与理论相一致。结论测试系统能够满足自适应智能电磁防护材料相变特性试验的需求,可获取有效且可靠的测试数据。     

带支撑基坑围檩受力性状分析及数值模拟

通过对带支撑基坑围檩受力性状的分析,提出支撑与围檩正交、斜交分别对应的几种基坑围檩轴力分布形式,并以武汉市凯德广场古田项目为例,从实测数据出发,分析了基坑围檩轴力的变化规律,在对基坑内支撑平面有限元计算中设置在围檩上的边界条件的特性进行深入研究的基础上,使用数值模拟手段对基坑围檩轴力进行了计算与数值模拟验证。结果表明:与开挖工况一致,围檩轴力呈现"两阶段"增长过程,地下室主体结构施工完成后,围檩轴力趋于稳定;桩(墙)平行于围檩走向的切向约束客观存在,本例中围檩轴力呈现梯形交替递增分布形式;桩(墙)对围檩的约束方向包括切向和法向,其约束形式表现为线约束和弹性约束。     

铝合金-丁腈橡胶航空带垫卡箍典型环境损伤研究

目的研究典型环境对丁腈橡胶-铝合金带垫卡箍的损伤效应。方法通过模拟铝合金-丁腈橡胶航空带垫卡箍使用时的装配结构和应力状态,应用GJB 150A—2009中的湿热和太阳辐射两种典型老化环境,采用宏观形貌观察、卡箍保持力测试和橡胶衬垫拉伸性能测试方法,结合扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶红外光谱技术,分析带垫卡箍的性能劣化过程。结果带垫卡箍在湿热和太阳辐射环境中老化50 d后,卡箍橡胶衬垫表面出现大量微孔缺陷,拉伸性能大幅降低,导致卡箍保持力分别下降了35%和51%。结论带垫卡箍在模拟装配状态下进行湿热和太阳辐射环境暴露实验,卡箍橡胶衬垫内部结构由致密逐渐变得疏松,部分碳碳双键发生氧化交联反应,并在一定程度上提高了聚合物的交联密度,材料硬度提高,回弹性能减弱,橡胶衬垫对芯轴的包裹能力降低,导致卡箍保持力性能降低。